Easy Install HBase/Hadoop in Pseudo Distributed Mode

Introduction

This documentation should get you up and running with a full pseudo distributed Hadoop/HBase installation in an Ubuntu VM quickly. I use Ubuntu because the Debian Package Management (apt) is by far the best way to install software on a machine. It is possible to also use this on regular hardware as well.

The reason why you will need this is because much of the existing documentation is spread around quite a few different locations. Thus, I've already done the work of digging this information out so that you don't have to.

This documentation is intended to be read and used from top to bottom. Before you do an initial install, I suggest you read through it once first.

Reference Manuals

• https://ccp.cloudera.com/display/CDHDOC/CDH3+Installation
• https://ccp.cloudera.com/display/CDHDOC/CDH3+Deployment+in+Pseudo-Distributed+Mode
• https://ccp.cloudera.com/display/CDHDOC/ZooKeeper+Installation
• https://ccp.cloudera.com/display/CDHDOC/HBase+Installation
• http://hadoop.apache.org/common/docs/r0.20.2/quickstart.html#PseudoDistributed
• http://hbase.apache.org/book.html
• http://hbase.apache.org/pseudo-distributed.html

Create the virtual machine

The first thing that you will want to do is download a copy of the Ubuntu Server 10.04 64bit ISO image. This version is the current Long Term Support (LTS) version. These instructions may work with a newer version, but I'm suggesting the LTS because that is what I test with and also what your operations team will most likely want to install into production. Once you have the ISO, create a new virtual machine using your favorite VM manager (I like vmware fusion on my Mac).

Unix Box Setup

Once you have logged into the box, we need to setup some resources...

echo "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ lucid partner" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/partner.list
echo "deb http://archive.cloudera.com/debian lucid-cdh3 contrib" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudera.list
echo "deb-src http://archive.cloudera.com/debian lucid-cdh3 contrib" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudera.list
echo "sun-java6-bin shared/accepted-sun-dlj-v1-1 boolean true" | debconf-set-selections
echo "hdfs  -       nofile  32768" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "hbase  -       nofile  32768" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "hdfs soft/hard nproc 32000" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "hbase soft/hard nproc 32000" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
echo "session required  pam_limits.so" >> /etc/pam.d/common-session

aptitude install curl wget
curl -s http://archive.cloudera.com/debian/archive.key | sudo apt-key add -
aptitude update
aptitude install openssh-server ntp
aptitude install sun-java6-jdk
aptitude safe-upgrade
reboot now

You can now use ifconfig -a to find out the IP address of the virtual machine and log into it via ssh. You will want to execute most of the commands below as root.

LZO Compression

This setup provides LZO compression for your data in HBase which greatly reduces the amount of data which is stored on disk. Sadly, LZO is under the GPL license, so it can't be distributed with Apache. Therefore, I'm providing a nice debian that I got ahold of for you to use. On your vm:

wget "https://github.com/lookfirst/fileshare/blob/master/Cloudera-hadoop-lzo_20110510102012.2bd0d5b-1_amd64.deb?raw=true"
dpkg -i Cloudera-hadoop-lzo_20110510102012.2bd0d5b-1_amd64.deb

Hadoop / HDFS

Install some packages:

apt-get install hadoop-0.20
apt-get install hadoop-0.20-namenode hadoop-0.20-datanode hadoop-0.20-jobtracker hadoop-0.20-tasktracker
apt-get install hadoop-0.20-conf-pseudo

Edit some files:

/etc/hadoop/conf/hdfs-site.xml

<property>
   <name>dfs.datanode.max.xcievers</name>
   <value>4096</value>
</property>

/etc/hadoop/conf/core-site.xml

<property>
   <name>io.compression.codecs</name>
   <value>org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.GzipCodec,org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.DefaultCodec,com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec,com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzopCodec,org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BZip2Codec</value>
</property>
 
<property>
   <name>io.compression.codec.lzo.class</name>
   <value>com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec</value>
</property>

/etc/hadoop/conf/mapred-site.xml

<property>
   <name>mapred.compress.map.output</name>
   <value>true</value>
 </property>
 
 <property>
   <name>mapred.map.output.compression.codec</name>
   <value>com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec</value>
 </property>
 
 <property>
   <name>mapred.child.ulimit</name>
   <value>1835008</value>
 </property>
   
 <property>
   <name>mapred.tasktracker.map.tasks.maximum</name>
   <value>2</value>
 </property>

 <property>
   <name>mapred.tasktracker.reduce.tasks.maximum</name>
   <value>2</value>
 </property>

ZooKeeper

apt-get install hadoop-zookeeper-server

/etc/zookeeper/zoo.cfg

Change localhost to 127.0.0.1
 Add: maxClientCnxns=0

service hadoop-zookeeper-server restart

HDFS/HBase Setup

Make an /hbase folder in hdfs

sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir /hbase
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown hbase /hbase
NOTE: If you want to delete an existing hbase folder, first stop hbase!
sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -rmr -skipTrash /hbase

HBase Installation

apt-get install hadoop-hbase
apt-get install hadoop-hbase-master

/etc/hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml

<property>
   <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
   <value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
   <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
   <value>hdfs://localhost/hbase</value>
</property>

/etc/hbase/conf/hbase-env.sh

export HBASE_CLASSPATH=`ls /usr/lib/hadoop/lib/cloudera-hadoop-lzo-*.jar`
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false
export HBASE_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/hadoop/lib/native/Linux-amd64-64

/etc/hadoop/conf/hadoop-env.sh

export HADOOP_CLASSPATH="$HADOOP_CLASSPATH":`hbase classpath`

Now, restart the master and start the region server:

service hadoop-hbase-master restart
apt-get install hadoop-hbase-regionserver

Starting/Stopping everything

Start

• service hadoop-zookeeper-server start
• for service in /etc/init.d/hadoop-0.20-*; do sudo $service start; done
• service hadoop-hbase-master start
• service hadoop-hbase-regionserver start

Stop

• service hadoop-hbase-regionserver stop
• service hadoop-hbase-master stop
• for service in /etc/init.d/hadoop-0.20-*; do sudo $service stop; done
• service hadoop-zookeeper-server stop

Hbase Shell

su - hbase
hbase shell

Ports

To ensure that everything is working correctly, visit your VM's ip address with these ports on the end of a http url.

• HDFS: 50070
• JobTracker: 50030
• TaskTracker: 50060
• Hbase Master: 60010
• Hbase RegionServer: 60030